Beekeepers have always suffered losses of their honey bees but in the past those losses were limited and the beekeeper was always able to discover the cause, usually a bacteria, mite or some other fungus and take beneficial action. Not so with colony collapse disorder, (sometimes called colony collapse syndrome or colony collapse disease). With colony collapse syndrome more honey bees are dwindling faster with no clear reason and because only the queen and a few workers are left alive the colony dies.
The vanishing honeybees is still a mystery. As yet there has been no firm proof to point to any one cause for their annihilation. This has led to the assumed position that there is more than one cause to colony collapse disorder (CCD). Plausible causes are:
Genetically modified crops
An investigation carried out by a beekeeper, John McDonald, seems to suggest that genetically modified crops could be the cause of colony collapse disorder. He placed eight bee colonies in an area where the bees would have no interaction with genetically modified crops and an equal number of domesticated bee hives on farms that grew genetically modified crops. At the end of the season in October the results of the honey collecting of both sets of bees was examined. The results between the two sets of honey bee colonies were very different.
The eight non-GMO bee colonies produced 150 pounds of honey, per bee hive, in the over-wintering brood supers. Plus, between them, the 8 colonies produced 200 pounds of extra honey. The farm honey bees, on the other hand, had produced no extra honey and had not even filled the over-wintering brood supers. These farm bees will require feeding in order to last the winter.
Pesticides
The pesticide believed to be the main culprit in causing colony collapse disease is nicotine-based Clothianidin, an insecticide in the neonicotinoid family. In Germany researchers found that 99 percent of demised bees had high levels of Clothianidin in their bodies. As a result the seven pesticides in the neonicotinoid family have been provisionally outlawed.
In the US imidacloprid seems to be the pesticide causing the most colony collapse disease. For example in North Dakota one third of colonies died after imidacloprid was used on rapeseed.
Cell phones
Is the electromagnetic radiation given off by mobile phobes interfering with the honey bee's navigation system thus preventing the honey bees from determining their way back to the hive. Some exploration carried out by Dr Jochen Kuhn shows that honey bees do not like going back to their hives when a cell phone is deployed near the hive. If honeybees are trying to keep clear of cell phone radiation then this could clarify why they are getting lost and unable to find their way home.
Foodstuffs
Bees normally use natural material like pollen, sap, nectar, or other botanical materials, for fabricating into honey. When beekeepers remove this honey, which the honey bees would normally feed on over winter, and replace it with High Fructose Corn Syrup a natural raw sustenance is being replaced with a highly processed dead food. High Fructose Corn Syrup is lacking in the many minerals and vitamins found in honey so the bees are forced to eat inferior foodstuff which results in their impoverished health and devitalized immune systems.
So what is the cause of bee colony collapse disorder. Probably a combination of all of the above though GMOs, and the neonicotinoid pesticides, seem to be the main factors which has caused the dramatic increase in bees disappearing.
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